5 Kegunaan Sel Volta dalam Kehidupan Sehari-hari. Banyak sekali kegunaan sel volta untuk kehidupan sehari-hari. Oh ya, sudah tahu belum sel volta? Sel volta merupakan sel elektrokimia dimana energi kimia (reaksi redoks) diubah menjadi energi listrik. Perhatikan kata kuncinya. Sel Volta PrimerSel volta primer adalah sel yang dibentuk dari katode dan anode yang langsung setimbang ketika menghasilkan arus. Sel KeringSel kering Lechlanche atau sering disebut baterai merupakan contoh sel volta primer. Baterai kering ini mendapatkan hak paten penemuan di tahun 1866. Solusi Super Memahami Materi Sel Volta buat Kamu yang Kelas 12! Sel volta merupakan sel yang mengubah energi kimia jadi energi listrik. Ada 2 jenis elektroda dalam sel volta; elektroda padat dan elektroda tidak padat. Ada pula istilah deret volta, yakni deret kereaktifan logam yang memberitahu nilai potensial elektroda standar logam. Melalui penyajian flash/animasi sel volta siswa secara mandiri dapat menelaah proses yang berlangsung pada sel volta dengan benar – c4 3.8.2.2. Melalui kajian data potensial elektroda standart siswa dengan penuh tanggungjawab dapat menentukan unsur yang berperan sebagai anoda pada sel volta secara benar – c3 3.8.2.3.
It is important to note that a person can be considered qualified with respect to certain equipment and methods, but still be unqualified in other situations.
Working with electrical power has always been a risky business, and potential hazards - including arc flash - are on the rise.
Because of the severe and often devastating consequences of arc flash incidents (which claim at least one life every workday), the NFPA is using several strategies to facilitate worker safety starting with the requirement that workers be properly qualified for the work being performed.
The NFPA 70E 2018 definition of a qualified person is: 'One who has demonstrated skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of electrical equipment and installations and has received safety training to identify the hazards and reduce the associated risk.”
A qualified person has been trained and is knowledgeable in the construction and operation of equipment or a specific work method and be trained to identify and avoid the electrical hazards that might be present with respect to that equipment or work method.
Electrical workers who meet the definition of a “qualified electrical worker” will be able to:
- Determine the nominal voltage for the equipment or system
- Determine the required approach distances for electrical shock and burn hazards
- Distinguish exposed energized conductors and circuits from other parts of the equipment
- Properly select, care for and use the appropriate personal protective equipment for both shock protection and arc flash protection
Other safe work requirements
Being properly qualified is just one of the safe work strategies found in NFPA-70E. Other safe work requirements include performing work under an electrically safe work condition whenever it is feasible to do so, and following prescribed safe work practices when creating an electrically safe work condition is not feasible.
Prescribed safe work practices may include:
- Restricting access to energized electrical equipment with barricades and signs
- Establishing various approach boundaries
- Requiring specific PPE for electric shock and arc flash hazards, and job planning requirements, which include hazard analysis, job safety briefings and the use of energized work permits.
When is a qualified worker considered unqualified?
It is important to note that a person can be considered qualified with respect to certain equipment and methods, but still be unqualified in other situations. A person could be qualified to perform one work task and not be qualified to perform a different task on the same piece of equipment.
A qualified worker must understand the construction and operation of the equipment or circuit associated with the planned work task. Qualified workers should also recognize that new equipment, a different set of procedures, or the ability to perform a similar task may make them unqualified to perform a scheduled task on specific equipment.
It is crucial to acknowledge when a person may not be qualified for the task that they are assigned, and that a person could be qualified to work on one piece of equipment but not another similar piece of equipment. For example, a person could be competent to install a light fixture but not qualified under NFPA 70E to troubleshoot the same fixture while it is energized.
2015 Updates to NFPA 70E Qualified Person Requirements
The 2015 version of NFPA 70E adds the requirement that a qualified person shall demonstrate the ability to use the following:
- Special precautionary techniques
- PPE including arc flash suits
- Insulating and shielding materials
- Insulated tools and test equipment
The new standard also adds that qualified electrical workers permitted to work within the limited approach boundary of exposed energized electrical conductors and circuit parts must have additional training in minimum approach distances to exposed parts operating at 50 volts or more.
Employees who respond to medical emergencies must also participate in refresher training per the new standard.
Why NFPA 70E?
NFPA 70E is the standard that addresses employee workplace electrical safety requirements, focusing on practical safeguards that also allow workers to be productive within their job functions.
Although OSHA, ASTM, IEEE and other industry standards provide guidelines for performance, NFPA 70E specifically addresses work practices and is widely considered as the de-facto standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace.
References
The following list describes the steps necessary for resetting your MOTU hardware to its factory settings. Some units do not have a formal factory default procedure and require a voltage reset. See the bottom of this document for instructions on performing a voltage reset (*). Units that do not have a factory default or voltage reset procedure are noted.
These procedures (and more detailed information about your MOTU Hardware) can be found in your unit's manual. To reference a .pdf copy of your manual, visit our Product Manuals page.
USB-C Audio
M2/M4
M2 / M4: Power off the unit. Press and hold the Input 1 MON button and while doing so, power on the unit. You should see several small white dots below the MOTU logo on power-up. These dots indicate that the factory reset has commenced. Wait a brief moment. When the normal level meter screen appears, this indicates that the factory reset is complete.
AVB/Pro Audio
112D
112D: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
1248
1248: Push the ID knob (mic two trim knob) on the front panel of the unit. Turn the SEL knob (mic four trim knob) to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL knob. Turn the SEL knob to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL knob to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
16A
16A: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
24Ai
24Ai: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
24Ao
24Ao: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
624
624: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
8A
8A: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
8D
8D: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
8M
8M: Push the ID knob (mic six trim knob) on the front panel of the unit. Turn the SEL knob (mic eight trim knob) to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL knob. Turn the SEL knob to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL knob to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
8pre-es
8pre-es: Push the Menu knob on the front panel of the unit. Turn the Menu knob to navigate to the Settings menu option and push the Menu knob to enter the Settings menu. Turn the Menu knob to navigate to Factory Default, then press the Menu knob twice to perform the reset.
828es
828es: Push the Menu knob on the front panel of the unit. Turn the Menu knob to navigate to the Settings menu option and push the Menu knob to enter the Settings menu. Turn the Menu knob to navigate to Factory Default, then press the Menu knob twice to perform the reset.
AVB Switch
MOTU AVB Switch: Use the Ethernet port to connect the AVB Switch to your computer's network port using a CAT-6 or CAT-5e cable. Open the MOTU AVB Web Control app, and be sure to select the 'Show Switches' option in the settings menu. Once published, select the Switch, and click Restore Defaults button.
LP32
LP32: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
Flash Sel Volta En
M64
M64: Push the ID button on the front panel of the unit. Use the arrow keys to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL button. Use the down arrow key to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL button to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
Monitor 8
Monitor 8: Push the ID knob (Bank D trim knob) on the front panel of the unit. Turn the SEL knob (Bank F trim knob) to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL knob. Turn the SEL knob to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL knob to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
Stage-B16
Stage-B16: Press and hold in the PHONES knob for five seconds. After the LEDs flash to indicate that the unit is ready for a factory reset, turn the PHONES knob one click left or right to initiate the reset.
UltraLite AVB
UltraLite AVB: Push the Select knob (mic two trim knob) on the front panel of the unit. Turn the SEL knob to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL knob. Turn the SEL knob to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL knob to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
UltraLite-mk4
UltraLite-mk4: Push the Select knob (mic two trim knob) on the front panel of the unit. Turn the SEL knob to navigate to Settings menu option. Push SEL knob. Turn the SEL knob to navigate to Factory Defaults. Push SEL knob to prompt the reset, push SEL again to perform reset.
FireWire/USB Audio Interfaces
Flash Sel Volta Model
4Pre
4Pre: Hold the MIX and PHONES knobs simultaneously for three (3) seconds, until the countdown finishes. The LED display will show a 'd' when the reset is completed.
8Pre
8Pre: Disconnect unit from computer. Hold in the Volume knob in for 5 seconds. You should first see the clock light blink, then the first LED for Analog input 1 or 2, then you will see a 'D?'. Turn the Volume knob to the right until the LED display reads 'OK'. Unit is reset.
Flash Sel Volta Meaning
828x / 828mk3 Hybrid / 828mk3
828x / 828mk3 Hybrid / 828mk3 FW: Press the Param/Setup knob until the LCD screen reads '828X SETUP' (or equivalent). The LCD screen will quickly flash to 'LCD CONTRAST'. Turn the Param/Setup knob all the way to the right. The LCD screen will read: 'Factory Defaults Press [Value]'. Push the Value knob. The LCD screen will display 'Are you sure? Push [VALUE]'. Push the Value knob again to confirm. The LCD screen will read: 'Initializing...'. The clock LED will flash when reset is complete.
828mkII
828mkII: Disconnect Firewire. Press the Setup knob until the LCD screen reads 'Clock Source'. Turn the Setup knob all the way to the right. The LCD screen will read 'Factory Defaults Press [SELECT]'. Press the Select knob. The LCD screen will read 'Are you sure? Push VAL for Yes'. Press Value knob to confirm. The clock LED will flash when reset is complete.
828 Original
896mk3 Hybrid / 896mk3
896mk3 Hybrid / 896mk3: Press the Param/Setup knob until the LCD screen reads '896mk3 SETUP'. The LCD screen will quickly flash to 'LCD CONTRAST'. Turn the Param/Setup knob all the way to the right. The LCD screen will read: 'Factory Defaults Press [Value]'. Press the Value knob. The LCD screen will display 'Are you sure? Push [VALUE]'. Push the Value knob again to confirm. The LCD screen will read: 'Initializing...'. The clock LED will flash when reset is complete.
896HD / 896 Original
Audio Express
Audio Express: Hold the MIX and PHONES knobs simultaneously for three (3) seconds, until the countdown finishes. The LEDs will display a 'd' when the reset is completed.
MicroBook II / MicroBook
MicroBook II / MicroBook: Connect the unit to the computer via USB. Open the CueMix application. Under the 'Configurations' drop-down menu, select Factory Defaults.
Track16
Track16: Hold down the MAIN and LINE OUT buttons for 2 seconds. The LED lights will display the letter 'D'. Once this letter disappears, your unit is reset.
Traveler-mk3
Traveler-mk3: Push the Setup/Param knob until the LCD screen displays 'Setup'. The LCD screen will quickly flash to 'LCD Contrast'. Turn the Setup/Param knob all the way to the right, until the LCD screen displays 'Factory Defaults Push [VALUE]'. Push the Value knob once. The LCD screen will display 'Are you sure? Push [VALUE]'. Push the Value knob again to confirm. The LCD screen will read: 'Initializing...'. The clock LED will flash and the LCD screen will return to 'Mix 1 MASTER ASSIGN AN 1-2' when the reset is complete.
Traveler Original
Traveler Original: Push the MIX knob until the LCD screen displays 'Clock Source:'. Turn the MIX knob all the way to the right, until the LCD screen displays 'Factory Defaults Push [SELECT]'. Push the SELECT knob once, the LCD screen will display 'Are you sure? Push VAL for Yes'. Push the Value knob to confirm. The clock LED will flash rapidly to confirm the unit has been reset.
UltraLite-mk3 Hybrid / UltraLite-mk3
UltraLite-mk3 Hybrid / UltraLite-mk3: Press the Param/Setup knob until the LCD screen reads 'UltraLite mk3 SETUP' or 'UL Hybrid Setup'. The LCD screen will quickly flash to 'LCD CONTRAST'. Turn the Param/Setup knob all the way to the right. The LCD screen will read: 'Factory Defaults Press [Value]'. Push the Value knob once. The LCD screen will display 'Are you sure? Push [VALUE]'. Push the Value knob again to confirm. The LCD screen will read: 'Initializing...'. The clock value in the LCD screen will flash when the reset is complete.
UltraLite Original
UltraLite Original: Push the Setup/Page knob until the LCD screen reads 'Setup'. The LCD screen will quickly flash to 'Clock Source'. Turn the Setup/Page knob all the way to the right until the LCD screen reads 'Factory Defaults Push [VAL]'. Push the Value knob once. The LCD screen will display 'Are you sure? Push VAL for Yes'. Push the Value knob again to confirm. The LCD screen will read 'Initializing UltraLite' then 'Initialized' once reset is complete.
PCI Audio Interfaces
1224
1296
24I/O
2408mk3
2408mkII
2408 Original
HD192
MIDI Interfaces
FastLane
micro express
micro express: Power the unit off. Hold the Panic button down while powering the unit back on. After the boot is finished, let go of the Panic button.
micro lite
MIDI Express 128
MIDI Express XT
MIDI Express XT: Power the unit off. Hold the Panic button down while powering the unit back on. After the boot is finished, let go of the Panic button.
MIDI Timepiece AV
MIDI Timepiece AV: Power the unit off. Hold the Panic button down while powering the unit back on. After the boot is finished, let go of the Panic button.
Video
HD Express
HD Express: No onboard reset. Must use MOTU Video Setup application
HDX-SDI
HDX-SDI: No onboard reset. Must use MOTU Video Setup application
V4HD
V4HD: Disconnect FireWire cable. Push MENU button until LCD screen displays: 'V4HD Setup'. Push Right PAGE button until LCD screen displays: 'Factory Defaults. Press [VALUE]'. Push VALUE knob twice to restore the V4HD to its default settings.
Voltage Reset: To perform a voltage reset, power the unit down and disconnect all cables. On the right side (the depth) of your unit, there is a red voltage selector. Toggle this switch back and forth several times, and be sure to reset it to the correct voltage (115V for domestic power supplies). Power the unit back on and test.